Tsunami 海啸

An aerial view of Anak Krakatau volcano during an eruption at Sunda strait in South Lampung, Indonesia, Dec 23, 2018 in this photo taken by Antara Foto. [Photo/Agencies]

A tsunami killed at least 227 people and injured hundreds around Indonesia's Sunda Strait following an underwater landslide believed caused by the erupting Anak Krakatau volcano, officials and media said on Sunday.

官方及媒体23日表示，发生在印度尼西亚巽他海峡的海啸已导致至少227人死亡，数百人受伤，海啸或由喀拉喀托火山喷发引发海底岩层滑坡引起。

Hundreds of homes and other buildings were heavily damaged when the tsunami struck, almost without warning, thousands of residents were forced to evacuate to higher ground.
海啸袭来，毫无征兆，数百间房屋及建筑物被严重损毁，数千居民被迫撤离至地势较高的地方。

专家称，未来几天如果本地区海底火山仍有爆发现象，并不能排除继续出现海啸的可能性（more tsunamis are possible）。

Tsunami（海啸）其实是一个日语外来词，读作[tsuˈnɑmi]，意为“津波”（harbour wave）。海啸，是指一种具有强大破坏力的海浪（a series of waves of mass destruction）。海啸主要分为4种类型，即由海底地震（underwater earthquake）引起的地震海啸、火山爆发（volcanic eruption）引起的火山海啸、海底滑坡（underwater landslide）引起的滑坡海啸和大气压（barometric pressure）引起的海啸。

Authorities warned residents and tourists in coastal areas around the Sunda Strait to stay away from beaches and a high-tide warning remained in place until Dec. 25.
政府部门提醒，巽他海峡沿岸地区的居民和游客远离海滩，巨浪预警将一直持续到12月25日。

A destroyed boat is seen after a tsunami hit an area near Carita in Pandeglang, Banten province, Indonesia, Dec 24, 2018. [Photo/Agencies]

海啸或由火山喷发引起

The tsunami is believed to have been triggered when the Krakatoa volcano erupted in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra, prompting a series of underwater landslides, according to Indonesia's Meteorology, Climatology and Geological Agency (BMKG).
印度尼西亚气象、气候和地球物理局表示，他们认为此次海啸由巽他海峡内的喀拉喀托火山喷发引起，导致海底岩层滑坡。巽他海峡位于爪哇岛和苏门答腊岛之间。

When the displaced rock shifted beneath the water's surface, it pushed up the water on top of it and generated the tsunami.
海底岩层错位推高了表面的海水，引发海啸。

The tsunami's impacts were compounded by a tidal wave caused by the full moon, BMKG said in a news release.
印度尼西亚气象、气候和地球物理局在新闻通稿中表示，此次海啸同时受到满月导致的涨潮影响。 

【相关词汇】

tsunami 海啸
underwater landslide 海底岩层滑坡
tsunami warning system 海啸预警系统
tidal waves 潮汐波，浪潮
natural disaster 自然灾害
tragedy 灾难
wreckage 残骸
death toll 死亡人数
survivors 幸存者
victims 受灾者
international contributions 国际援助
evacuation 撤离
rescue team 救援小组